DSCR and Loan-to-Value (LTV) measure two different aspects of a multifamily financing transaction. DSCR measures the relationship between property income and debt service, while LTV measures the loan amount relative to the property’s value. For example, a $1.5 million loan secured by a property valued at $2 million represents a 75% LTV. If that property generates $180,000 in NOI and has $144,000 in annual debt service, its DSCR is 1.25x. Looking at both metrics gives investors a broader understanding of leverage and cash-flow coverage.
A property can have a conservative LTV but still have weak DSCR if its rental income is insufficient to support the debt. Conversely, strong NOI does not eliminate the importance of maintaining an appropriate loan-to-value ratio. This is why investors comparing multifamily investment loans should evaluate leverage and cash flow together. The combination of property value, rental income, operating expenses, and debt structure provides a more useful picture than any single metric.
The same principles apply to buyers researching loans for multifamily homes and property owners considering a multifamily refinance loan. A refinance can change both the loan amount and annual debt service, potentially affecting LTV and DSCR at the same time. Investors should calculate both before moving forward and determine whether the resulting structure remains practical for the property’s income. Final requirements vary by lender, so these calculations should be treated as preparation rather than a substitute for formal underwriting.